Common Hazel
Corylus avellana
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Description
The common hazel (Corylus avellana) is a deciduous woody plant native to Europe, Asia and North Africa. In many English-speaking countries it is referred to as the hazelnut. It is the principal species of the genus Corylus. The common hazel is a large tree growing to 20 m (66 ft) tall, with stout stems clad in smooth, brownish bark. The leaves are deciduous, rounded, 6โ12 cm (2.4โ4.7 in) long and across, softly hairy on both surfaces, and with a double-serrate margin. The flowers are produced early in spring on catkins 2โ5 cm (0.79โ1.97 in) long, the individual flowers pendulous, with no petals, and wind-pollinated.
Growing Details
Hazelnuts prefer well-drained soils with a pH in the range of 5.5 to 8.0. They also prefer a soil rich in organic matter. The optimum growing temperature for hazelnuts is between 15 and 20 ยฐC (59 and 68 ยฐF). In commercial hazelnut production, trees are generally spaced 4 m (13 ft) apart in the row. It is wind pollinated.
Tags
Hedge
Carbon Farming
Attracts Wildlife
Fire Wood
Building Wood
Windbreak
Erosion Preventing
Visual Appeal
Easy Propagating
High Protein
Oil
Range (Based on GBIF Data)
The map shows known occurrence points of <strong>Corylus avellana</strong> recorded in scientific biodiversity databases.
Source: <a href="https://www.gbif.org" target="_blank">GBIF.org</a> โ Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Location & Timing
native geo location: Europe, W Asia
applicable geo region: Temperate zones
language used: english
Flowering:
beginning
of January for 120 days
Harvest:
beginning
of September for 45 days
Seed Start:
beginning
of September
Indoor Start:
Transplant:
Uses & Benefits
Edible Rating:
(5/5)
edible uses: Hazelnuts are rich in protein and monounsaturated fat. In addition, they contain significant amounts of vitamin E, manganese and other essential nutrients. Hazelnuts are used in confectionery to make praline, and also used in combination with chocolate for chocolate truffles and products such as Nutella and Frangelico liqueur.
Medicinal Rating:
(2/5)
medicinal uses: Hazelnuts have been used in traditional medicine for their purported efficacy in treating a variety of ailments. These include cough, digestive disorders, diarrhea, and skin diseases.
health concerns: Hazelnuts contain significant amounts of ellagitannins. Under European Union legislation, any product containing more than 0.1% of Certain Extractable Hazlenut Proteins must be labeled as a 'nutritional supplement'.
other uses: Hazelwood is sometimes used in jewelry, particularly rosaries. It is also used in woodworking, turned objects, and musical instruments such as guitars and marimbas. Hazelnuts are used in the production of hazelnut oil, a strongly flavored oil used as a cooking oil and in cosmetic formulations. Hazelnut shells are sometimes used as an abrasive for cleaning metal objects.
Scientific Literature
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Botanical data
specie: Corylus avellana
common names: Leska
family: Betulaceae
sub family: Coryloideae
tribe: Coryleae
sub tribe: Coryleneae
genus: Corylus
Growing Conditions
area needed: 3.0 m
spacing: 3.0 m
growing difficulty: Medium
Deciduous / Evergreen: Evergreen
Seed Temp (Opt/Min/Max): 20ยฐC / 10ยฐC / 30ยฐC
Plant Temp (Opt/Min/Max): 18ยฐC / -30ยฐC / 35ยฐC
water demands: Medium
humidity:
light demands: Medium
root type: Shallow
frost tender: Low
hardness:
โ
โ
โ
โ
โ
โ
โ
โ
โ
โ
(1/10)
first harvest: 1 years
life span: None years
succession: Late
growth rate: Medium
max height: 6.0 m
max width: 3.0 m
soil preference:
pH preference:
flower type:
Monoecious
growth details: Hazelnuts prefer well-drained soils with a pH in the range of 5.5 to 8.0. They also prefer a soil rich in organic matter. The optimum growing temperature for hazelnuts is between 15 and 20 ยฐC (59 and 68 ยฐF). In commercial hazelnut production, trees are generally spaced 4 m (13 ft) apart in the row. It is wind pollinated.
Potential Disturbances: Common Hazel experiences pressures from fungal diseases like brown rust, powdery mildew, scab, and Verticillium wilt. It is also challenged by Eastern Filbert Blight.
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