European Linden
Tilia cordata
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Description
The European Linden is a deciduous tree native to Europe and western Asia. It is a large tree, reaching up to 40 m (130 ft) tall and with a trunk diameter of up to 1.5 m (4.9 ft). The leaves are oval-shaped, 5โ10 cm (2.0โ3.9 in) long and 3โ6 cm (1.2โ2.4 in) wide, with a serrated margin. The flowers are yellowish-white, 15โ25 mm (0.59โ0.98 in) diameter, with five petals. The fruit is a small, hard, reddish-black drupe, 7โ10 mm (0.28โ0.39 in) diameter. The European Linden is a large, deciduous tree that can grow up to 40 m (130 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 1.5 m (4.9 ft). The leaves are oval-shaped, 5โ10 cm (2.0โ3.9 in) long and 3โ6 cm (1.2โ2.4 in) wide, with a serrated margin. The flowers are yellowish-white, 15โ25 mm (0.59โ0.98 in) diameter, with five petals. The fruit is a small, hard, reddish-black drupe, 7โ10 mm (0.28โ0.39 in) diameter.
Growing Details
Grow in a deep, moist, humus-rich, neutral to acid soil. Tolerates most soil types so long as they are not too dry. Prefers a sunny position but tolerates some shade. Grows well in heavy clay soils. Requires a sheltered site. Prefers a position in full sun but tolerates some light shade. Trees are very long-lived, some specimens in Europe are recorded as being over 1,000 years old. Tilia flowers are used as food by numerous Lepidoptera species.
Tags
Hedge
Carbon Farming
Attracts Wildlife
Fire Wood
Building Wood
Windbreak
Erosion Preventing
Bee Friendly
Visual Appeal
Easy Propagating
Colouring
Range (Based on GBIF Data)
The map shows known occurrence points of <strong>Tilia cordata</strong> recorded in scientific biodiversity databases.
Source: <a href="https://www.gbif.org" target="_blank">GBIF.org</a> โ Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Location & Timing
native geo location: Europe
applicable geo region: Temperate zones worldwide
language used: english
Flowering:
beginning
of Jun for 30 days
Harvest:
end
of Jun for 30 days
Seed Start:
?
Indoor Start:
Transplant:
Uses & Benefits
Edible Rating:
(5/5)
edible uses: Linden leaves are used as herbal tea (called lime tea in Europe) or in a mixture with other herbs and aromatic plants. Linden blossom tea has a pleasing taste and is sometimes used as a mild sedative.
Medicinal Rating:
(3/5)
medicinal uses:
health concerns:
other uses: The light soft wood is used for construction, joinery, turned items, boxes, coffins, veneer, pulp and paper. The wood is not durable if in contact with the ground. The leaves and young shoots are used as a source of tannin. They contain up to 24% tannin. A yellow dye is obtained from the flowers. The tree is a source of nectar for honey bees. It is a good bee plant, producing a high quality honey. The flowers are a good source of nectar for bees. The tree is sometimes grown as an ornamental tree in large parks and gardens, it has attractive flowers, good autumn colour and is tolerant of a wide range of soils. The flowers are sometimes used for making a herbal tea. Specially important for bees as it keeps pollen dry during light rains, as it is oriented towards the ground.
Scientific Literature
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Botanical data
specie: Tilia cordata
common names: linden, lipa
family: Tiliaceae
sub family: Tiliaceae
tribe: Tiliini
sub tribe: Tiliinae
genus: Tilia
Growing Conditions
area needed: 5.0 m
spacing: 5.0 m
growing difficulty: Low
Deciduous / Evergreen: Evergreen
Seed Temp (Opt/Min/Max): 20ยฐC / 10ยฐC / 40ยฐC
Plant Temp (Opt/Min/Max): 20ยฐC / -30ยฐC / 40ยฐC
water demands: Medium
humidity:
light demands: Medium
root type: Medium
frost tender: Low
hardness:
โ
โ
โ
โ
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(5/10)
first harvest: 2 years
life span: 150 years
succession: Mid
growth rate: Medium
max height: 35.0 m
max width: 20.0 m
soil preference:
pH preference:
flower type:
Hermaphrodite
growth details: Grow in a deep, moist, humus-rich, neutral to acid soil. Tolerates most soil types so long as they are not too dry. Prefers a sunny position but tolerates some shade. Grows well in heavy clay soils. Requires a sheltered site. Prefers a position in full sun but tolerates some light shade. Trees are very long-lived, some specimens in Europe are recorded as being over 1,000 years old. Tilia flowers are used as food by numerous Lepidoptera species.
Potential Disturbances: European Linden may face challenges related to soil conditions, water availability, and competition with other plants.
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