Pine Nut
Pinus pinea
Plant Images
OneSeed Image
Description
Pinus pinea, known as the Stone Pine, is a majestic coniferous evergreen native to the Mediterranean region. It is renowned for its umbrella-shaped canopy and can reach heights of up to 25 meters. In agroecology and regenerative agriculture, it serves as a keystone species, stabilizing soil, preventing erosion, and enhancing biodiversity. Its deep root system aids in water retention and soil structure improvement. The tree's canopy creates a microclimate that supports diverse plant and animal life. Historically, Stone Pine has been integral to Mediterranean cultures, providing not only edible seeds but also wood and resin. In a food forest, it occupies the canopy layer, offering shade and habitat. Guild companions include nitrogen-fixing shrubs like Elaeagnus and ground covers such as clover to enhance soil fertility.
Growing Details
Pinus pinea thrives in well-drained sandy or loamy soils with a preference for slightly acidic to neutral pH levels. Before planting, enrich the soil with organic matter such as compost. Mulching around the base helps retain moisture and suppress weeds. Companion plants like lavender and rosemary can deter pests and enhance the ecosystem. Avoid overwatering, as the tree is drought-tolerant once established. Harvest cones in late summer to early autumn when they begin to open. Store pine nuts in
Tags
Keystone Specie
Carbon Farming
Attracts Wildlife
Fire Wood
Building Wood
Windbreak
Erosion Preventing
Bee Friendly
Visual Appeal
High Protein
Oil
Range (Based on GBIF Data)
The map shows known occurrence points of <strong>Pinus pinea</strong> recorded in scientific biodiversity databases.
Source: <a href="https://www.gbif.org" target="_blank">GBIF.org</a> โ Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Location & Timing
native geo location: Native to the Mediterranean region
applicable geo region: Mediterranean
language used: en
Flowering:
beginning
of April for 30 days
Harvest:
middle
of September for 180 days
Seed Start:
?
Indoor Start:
Transplant:
Uses & Benefits
Edible Rating:
(5/5)
edible uses: The seeds, or pine nuts, are highly prized for their rich, buttery flavor. They are a staple in Mediterranean cuisine, used in dishes like pesto, salads, and baked goods. Pine nuts are harvested from mature cones, typically after 15 years of growth. They are rich in essential fatty acids, protein, and minerals such as magnesium and zinc.
Medicinal Rating:
(2/5)
medicinal uses: Pine nuts are a source of essential fatty acids and antioxidants, supporting cardiovascular health. They contain vitamins E and K, which contribute to overall well-being. However, they should be consumed in moderation due to their high caloric content.
health concerns: Pine nuts can cause a temporary taste disturbance known as 'pine mouth' in some individuals.
other uses: The wood of Pinus pinea is valued for fuel and construction. The tree also produces resin, utilized in various industrial applications. Its aesthetic appeal makes it a popular choice for ornamental planting in suitable climates.
Scientific Literature
Loading scientific articles about <strong>Pinus pinea</strong>...
Botanical data
specie: Pinus pinea
common names: Stone Pine; Italian Stone Pine; Umbrella Pine
family: Pinaceae
sub family:
tribe:
sub tribe:
genus: Pinus
Growing Conditions
area needed: 10.0 m
spacing: 8.0 m
growing difficulty: High
Deciduous / Evergreen:
Seed Temp (Opt/Min/Max): 20ยฐC / 15ยฐC / 25ยฐC
Plant Temp (Opt/Min/Max): 20ยฐC / 5ยฐC / 30ยฐC
water demands: Medium
humidity:
light demands: High
root type: Deep
frost tender: Low
hardness:
โ
โ
โ
โ
โ
โ
โ
โ
โ
โ
(8/10)
first harvest: 15 years
life span: 200 years
succession: Late
growth rate: Slow
max height: 25.0 m
max width: 10.0 m
soil preference:
Medium (Loam)
pH preference:
Neutral
flower type:
Monoecious
growth details: Pinus pinea thrives in well-drained sandy or loamy soils with a preference for slightly acidic to neutral pH levels. Before planting, enrich the soil with organic matter such as compost. Mulching around the base helps retain moisture and suppress weeds. Companion plants like lavender and rosemary can deter pests and enhance the ecosystem. Avoid overwatering, as the tree is drought-tolerant once established. Harvest cones in late summer to early autumn when they begin to open. Store pine nuts in
Potential Disturbances: Natural pest management includes encouraging beneficial insects like ladybugs and lacewings to control aphid populations. Planting garlic or marigolds nearby can repel pests such as caterpillars. Neem oil can be used as an organic spray against pine processionary caterpillars. Regularly inspect for signs of bark beetles and maintain tree health to prevent infestations.
Permanent Link
Scan this QR code for a permanent link to this plant:
Download QR Code
Loading comments...